U.S. Department of the Army Corps 24 hour notification letter to continue building the Dakota Access Pipeline (07.02.2017)

Koch Brothers revelead through the ‘Freedom Partners’ a plan to repeal laws under the Trump Presidency!

In American politics there have in the recent years been families intervening with their Super-PACs and their lobbyist to get their legislation through both U.S. Congress and House of Representatives, as well making sure the Supreme Court are accepting it. Than you have this one industrial family, the Koch brothers David and Charles that has involved themselves in politics and engaged in donating campaign funds to dozens of Republican candidates over the years. These have in return delivered legislation that the Koch brothers industries have profited on.

The Super-PAC named “Freedom Partners” set in plan how the Trump Presidency could repeal and make sure the legislation of Obama administration get away. So the leniency and corporate freedoms get back as it was before. Since this legislation has hampered the ability to gain vast profits on destroying the planet and giving minimum salaries to their employees. Something industrialists like Koch brothers wants more off and not just behaviour from the Federal Government.

Therefore the newest document shows certain aspects of their wish-list of how a Trump Presidency should be:

“• Executive Actions and Proposed Regulations: President-elect Trump can unilaterally rescind any executive action signed by President Obama or proposed regulations that have yet to be finalized, including, but not limited to:

• Executive order establishing a task force on commercial advocacy
• Executive order putting a moratorium on new federal coal leases
• Presidential memorandum requiring new federal overtime rule promulgation
• Paris Climate Agreement requiring greenhouse gas emissions reductions
• Proposed Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) programs incidental to the Clean Power Plan
• Proposed Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) payday and vehicle title loan rules
• Proposed CFPB arbitration rules
• Regulations Finalized On or After June 13, 2016: Under the Congressional Review Act (CRA), Congress can avoid a Senate filibuster to repeal all regulations finalized during the last 60 legislative days, with June 13, 2016, being the cutoff date.

Congress should prioritize the following:

• Final Stream Protection Rule regarding coal mine permitting
• Bureau of Land Management (BLM) federal lands Methane Rule
• Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS): 2017 and 2018 obligations
• EPA Greenhouse Gas Emissions Standards: Medium- and Heavy-Duty Engines and Vehicles” (Freedom Partners – ‘A ROADMAP TO REPEAL: REMOVING REGULATORY BARRIERS TO OPPORTUNITY’ – 05.01.2017).

That the Executive orders are coming in and making sure that the economic freedoms of corporations is extended and the limitations of former put legislation are repealed. So that the powerful and rich men which are the core base with core principals of the Trump Administration get their will. Therefore the Koch Brothers and their campaign through this Super-PAC are already achieved.

The like memorandum on the Fiduciary Duty that we’re signed in on the 3^rd February, which stated: 

“Section 1. Department of Labor Review of Fiduciary Duty Rule. (a) You are directed to examine the Fiduciary Duty Rule to determine whether it may adversely affect the ability of

Americans to gain access to retirement information and financial advice. As part of this examination, you shall prepare an updated economic and legal analysis concerning the likely impact of the Fiduciary Duty Rule, which shall consider, among other things, the following:

(i) Whether the anticipated applicability of the Fiduciary Duty Rule has harmed or is likely to harm investors due to a reduction of Americans’ access to certain retirement savings offerings, retirement product structures, retirement savings information, or related financial advice;

(ii) Whether the anticipated applicability of the Fiduciary Duty Rule has resulted in dislocations or disruptions within the retirement services industry that may adversely affect investors or retirees; and

(iii) Whether the Fiduciary Duty Rule is likely to cause an increase in litigation, and an increase in the prices that investors and retirees must pay to gain access to retirement services” (White House – ‘MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY OF LABOR SUBJECT: Fiduciary Duty Rule’ – 3^rd February 2017).

These here is simply put order where Trump is putting in place less legislation and regulation on banking sector where they trade financial instruments to costumers, the citizens and the ones beholden the retirement funds. These are now set in place in a way where the advice from bankers are put so they get legal advice they see fit for their situation and not for what the banks earn the most on each client. With the new legislation, the bankers can in general sell bad investment portfolios to costumers and gain massive fortunes on the bad investments. This is what the Koch Brothers wants to achieve through their PAC.

Than you have the other latest Executive order which state this:

“Section 1. Policy. It shall be the policy of my Administration to regulate the United States financial system in a manner consistent with the following principles of regulation, which shall be known as the Core Principles:

(a) empower Americans to make independent financial decisions and informed choices in the marketplace, save for retirement, and build individual wealth;

(b) prevent taxpayer-funded bailouts;

(c) foster economic growth and vibrant financial markets through more rigorous regulatory impact analysis that addresses systemic risk and market failures, such as moral hazard and information asymmetry;

(d) enable American companies to be competitive with foreign firms in domestic and foreign markets;

(e) advance American interests in international financial regulatory negotiations and meetings;

(f) make regulation efficient, effective, and appropriately tailored; and

(g) restore public accountability within Federal financial regulatory agencies and rationalize the Federal financial regulatory framework” (White House – ‘CORE PRINCIPLES FOR REGULATINGTHE UNITED STATES FINANCIAL SYSTEM’ – 3^rd February 2017).

This is where you see that the business oriented President Trump has put in place two different sort of orders, with the outcome of deregulating the financial industry, the ones trading and selling financial advice to their costumer’s, the other where they are focused of giving the financial decisions directly to the companies. Hereby giving the full power of all instruments to the financial industry and their corporations, that instead of regulating the financial and fiscal regulations that could stop the economy from cracking; with none or lose regulation could give the enterprises a free will that could led them to bubbles. First it would give enormous souring profits, but after the bubble burst the recession and cause massive loses to all citizens who invested in speculative business.

Koch brothers are surely having a wish-list that is starting to be achieved as even coal-legislation has been mentioned to be voted in the U.S. Congress. Therefore the plans of the Freedom Partners and the steps to repeal the regulations of Obama will cease to exist. This is certainly to vanish the print of legislation that we’re for common good and not only for corporate greed.

Step two of the Wish-list of the Koch Brothers we’re these:

“STEP 2. LONGER-TERM OPPORTUNITIES

All other regulations passed before June 13, 2016 can be repealed in at least one of three ways.

• Executive Rulemaking, Legislation to Rescind or Defund, and Judicial Challenges. These are time-consuming processes that should begin immediately. President-elect Trump and Congress should prioritize the following:
• EPA Rule defining The Waters of the United States
• EPA Clean Power Plan
• HHS Electronic Health Record Incentive Program
• HHS Establishment of Exchanges and Qualified Health
• DOL Overtime Rule
• DOL Fiduciary Rule
• FCC “Net Neutrality” Rule
• USDA Calorie Labeling for Vending Machines” (Freedom Partners – ‘A ROADMAP TO REPEAL: REMOVING REGULATORY BARRIERS TO OPPORTUNITY – 05.01.2017)

The Koch brothers with their plans are certainly set into plan or has least showed to the transitional team, as the legislation for certain aspects are put into action. So the plans to achieve their needed lesser legislation and lassies-faire economy are surely on their way. They have already started and the Freedom Partners PAC is effective. What the world should wonder about, what the PAC gave the Trump Administration since they are obliging them so magnificently. Secondly, what did the PAC to do the Republican Congressmen and Senators to gain their votes and get them to enact bills that they want to see?

We can question the power of the Koch Brother can be shown here, as the Republican have succumbed to the will of donors, instead of caring of the U.S. people wish to see. That can be seen as the legislation of late is friendlier of corporations than of the will of people. This will continue under businessman Trump and his running mates in cabinet. Trump Administration might deliver on more of this list of the Koch brothers. As they have started already. This can only indicate what the Trump administration will continue to strive towards as their ally and friendly future donor might want more legislation to pass or to be repealed to secure vast fortunes. Peace.

Jay Smooth: “Thoughts On The Women’s March That Already Feels Like So Long Ago Because These Are The End Times” (Youtube-Clip)

Trump, the Great Dictator has entered the building!

Congratulation Mr. Donald J. Trump you act like Dictator and behave like a tyrant. Your legacy is built over and days. You complained and whine like a bitch that Barrack Obama as President made lots of Presidential Orders, but the first thing you do is to make a dozen’s of them yourself.

Like this one:

“The Secretary of Commerce shall conduct outreach to stakeholders concerning the impact of Federal regulations on domestic manufacturing and shall solicit comments from the public for a period not to exceed 60 days concerning Federal actions to streamline permitting and reduce regulatory burdens for domestic manufacturers. As part of this process, the Secretary of Commerce shall coordinate with the Secretaries of Agriculture and Energy, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, the Administrator of the Small Business Administration, and such other agency heads as may be appropriate” (MEMORANDUM FOR THE HEADS OF EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS AND AGENCIES, 24.01.2017, Donald J. Trump).

What a noble gentleman you are that you’re gaging the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), they are not allowed for staff on Social Media and talk to the Media. So your making blackouts of government institutions before you have been in power a month. Even Gadaffi your friend who rented your land in New York back in the day would be proud, Vladimir Putin must see the vision in your ears and the glowing ignorance in your eyes.

You have already tried to subdue the media with false tragedies and stupid made of stories, while the worst is happening inside your coming cabinet, your hiring of men and woman who is billionaires that couldn’t be more far from the voters who elected you into office. You’re a billionaire who apparently doesn’t care much about acts as long it gives you and your men profits.

Trump MoU on DALP: “The Dakota Access Pipeline (DAPL) under development by Dakota Access, LLC, represents a substantial, multi-billion-dollar private investment in our Nation’s energy infrastructure. This approximately 1,100-mile pipeline is designed to carry approximately 500,000 barrels per day of crude oil from the Bakken and Three Forks oil production areas in North Dakota to oil markets in the United States. At this time, the DAPL is more than 90 percent complete across its entire route. Only a limited portion remains to be constructed. I believe that construction and operation of lawfully permitted pipeline infrastructure serve the national interest” (SUBJECT: Construction of the Dakota Access Pipeline, 24.01.2017, Donald J. Trump).

You speak of being environmental, but open up the petroleum pipelines of Dakota Access Pipeline and Keystone XL. You are such an ass, at the same time deletes the reality of water-quality and other truthful information on your government web-pages. You are gagging the EPA and USDA that looks into the reasonable environment hazards the pipelines would do in dozens of states. But you only see the cash monies and even some of the businesses your sons are running might benefit. You couldn’t care-less.

“In accordance with Executive Order 11423 of August 16, 1968, as amended, and Executive Order 13337 of April 30, 2004, the Secretary of State has delegated authority to receive applications for Presidential permits for the construction, connection, operation, or maintenance, at the borders of the United States, of facilities for the exportation or importation of petroleum, petroleum products, coal, or other fuels to or from a foreign country, and to issue or deny such Presidential permits. As set forth in those Executive Orders, the Secretary of State should issue a Presidential permit for any cross-border pipeline project that “would serve the national interest.” (SUBJECT: Construction of the Keystone XL Pipeline, 24.01.2017, Donald J. Trump).

EPA on DALP Pipeline Route before Pre-Trump Era!

Trump, your acts now are peril with the ways of democratic behavior, you are silencing your own government institutions, not giving to craps about the honest truth. Not that truth ever matters to you as long as you are winning!

That your Presidential Spokesman Sean Spicer and Presidential Advisor Kellyanne Conway feel your coverage is biased and wrong, well, you are the one acting and doing executive orders. You are the one behind the madness called the Trump Era and the Trump administration. I am sure you will soon blackout more institutions, silence the Congress and Senate. As your sinister plans get into effect, because you cannot handle the truth or facts; facts are lies and deceptions to you, they are not useful, because they damage you. Facts are the thing that you hate more than anything else. Therefore you cannot handle that the EPA or USDA are telling the truth about the pipelines and their possible environmental damage.

Trump cannot handle his own government agencies and doesn’t know how they operate, doesn’t know the laws, therefore he orders things he like and been told by his donors like a drone. Being a dictator and dictating the state to be silenced for 60 days. Trump has so little courage and bravery that he doesn’t believe that he can work the system. He has to rig it and make order it to command, because he is the Executive. Surely he will drop more orders daily  than at a busy Chinese takeaway restaurant in Manhattan, New York.

Donald Trump you’re the coming GRAND Dictator, I am sure you haven’t seen the movie or understand the play, but you’re the next up! You don’t care about the implications on the Presidential Orders or Memorandums of Understanding that you’re signing these days. You only see your vision and stature. The only thing mattering is that you’re the man.

Donald Trump, dictating son-of-bitch from Queens, who doesn’t care about the rules or regulations, not even who will become in the people’s eyes; he attacks the media, but he has created the monster and that is himself. Himself is the man who silence EPA and USDA so he can push through environmental dangerous industrial building that has been demonstrated against through the United States Presidential Election 2016. That apparently by default you won, President Trump!

The Executive, the President, the almighty bastard that silence environmental institutions so they doesn’t say the truth about the massive disturbance and possible damage to rivers and destroy the environment… but does the new American President care about that. He only cares about himself.

You are a son-of-a-bitch! Future tyrant and so-far from democratic value Executive the United States has ever had. You as a man cannot even handle staff and institutions to speak their mind while the pipeline constructions are happening. Trump cannot handle that, Trump is little muffled dog under pressure from donors to do this and not caring about the effects it will have. He is 70 years old, so not that his life will be long enough to see the damage or feel it. Not that he is ever travelling in North Dakota near the towns that are affected; neither is he visiting Keystone XL. Trump doesn’t have the heart.

Welcome world, Trump the Great Dictator has entered the building! Peace.

South Africa: SADC EPA agreement with the EU takes effect today (10.10.2016)

MEPs back trade deal with six African countries (14.09.2016)

BRUSSELS, Belgium, September 14, 2016 –The European Parliament approved an agreement granting duty-free access to the EU for products from Namibia, Mozambique, Botswana, Swaziland and Lesotho, and improved market access for South Africa on Wednesday.

“This agreement will help our African partner states to reduce poverty and can also facilitate their smooth and gradual integration into the world economy. There are also many safeguards in the deal to ensure that local people truly benefit from this cooperation. The language on human rights and sustainable development is one of the strongest that you will find in any EU agreement”, said rapporteur Alexander Graf Lambsdorff (ALDE, DE), before the vote.

MEPs approved the deal by 417 votes to 216, with 66 abstentions.

Free access to EU markets

The Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) with six member states of the South African Development Community (SADC) establishes a “positive discrimination”, ensuring immediate duty- and quota-free access for their exports to the EU market. It also creates new regional opportunities through more flexible use of rules of origin.

The African countries will liberalise 86% of their trade with the EU (Mozambique 74%) over ten years with the exception of agricultural and fishery products. The deal replaces the previous interim agreements based on unilateral trade preferences and complies with World Trade Organisation (WTO) rules.

Safeguards

While the agreement covers only trade and development cooperation, it leaves the door open for services, investment, intellectual property and public procurement. To mitigate potential negative impacts on the SADC countries, several safeguards were added to the deal. The EU undertook not to subsidize its agricultural exports to these countries.

The deal also lists trade-related areas that could benefit from EU development cooperation funding, but none is pledged at this stage.

Monitoring

In a July resolution, international trade MEPs advocated strengthening the monitoring of the agreement to ensure that “its benefits for the people are maximized”. The committee also tabled an oral question to the Commission for this plenary on parliamentary oversight and civil society monitoring.

Next steps: The deal will enter into force once the Council formally approves it and the national parliaments of the six African states ratify the text.

Note to the editors: in the Cotonou Partnership Agreement of 2000, African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries and the EU agreed to negotiate reciprocal, though asymmetric, trade agreements to comply with WTO rules and to support these countries’ development and integration into the world economy.

Negotiations were to be concluded by the end of 2007, but the process took longer and the EU finished negotiations with six states of the SADC Group in July 2014. Angola finally decided not to enter into the agreement, but may join in the future. 

Negotiations with six SADC states ended in 2014. The other eight (Democratic Republic of Congo, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Seychelles, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe) belong to other regional EPA groupings.

North Carolina: E.Coli Bacteria identified in Water Supply (19.08.2016)

Water-Crisis in the City of Flint; Time to call in USAID to solve it as they do around the world; because water matters!

USAID and World Bank need to offer loans to Flint, Michigan; they can facilitate tap-water to the citizens of the city. This in a county where they have year after years of financial deficit and defaulted on budgeted projects of the city. This just by browsing through google after writing Flint, Michigan Budget Deficit, the articles goes back to 2009. That means 6 years where there been missing money for the county budget. This means that the country can’t deliver the community what it needs, because they don’t have the funds to finance what the town and county need.

Here is the USAID mission statement:

“Ending extreme poverty and promoting the development of resilient, democratic societies that are able to realize their potential. We fundamentally believe that ending extreme poverty requires enabling inclusive, sustainable growth; promoting free, peaceful, and self-reliant societies with effective, legitimate governments; building human capital and creating social safety nets that reach the poorest and most vulnerable” (USAID, 2016).

I will look at some reports of the water quality that has been in media where Cher and Big Sean has donated some Dasani water to the public because the bottles settle the issue with the tap-water that the county doesn’t have money to fix or use proper water-sources. Let’s say what certain reports done by various enteritis say about the water and economy in Flint. Take a brief look:

About Jobs and Poverty in City of Flint:

In a town of “In Flint, for example, absent other factors, employment would have declined by 12.7 percent between 1980 and 2009 because nationally, the industries it specialized in actually shrank over those years. However, Flint lost jobs in those poor performing industries in which it specialized faster than other metros due to a de!cit in the competitiveness of its existing local industries” (…)”At the most basic level, poverty results in lower standards of living. However, there are other, less direct effects that are even more troubling. For instance, poverty is highly correlated with low levels of education, and can thus trap individuals and households for generations, lowering socioeconomic mobility through lack of opportunity. The failure to combat the causes of poverty is also scally unsound; if those problems are not eradicated, state and local governments face smaller tax bases as well as higher outlays to support their populations. Poverty rates were well above the U.S. metro average in 2009 in all of Michigan’s metros except Holland and Jackson” (Michigan Economic Condition Assessment).

Economic situation in 2011 in Flint:

“In 2011, the numbers bear a startling story, as of 2009, 36,2 percent of Flint’s 102,000 residents were living below the poverty level, and nearly 20 percent were at an income level that was 50 percent below poverty level” (…)”In mid-1980s, General Motors – at a time when the company was experiencing records profits – laid off 30,000 autoworkers in Flint, eventually 80,000 in all, and shut down several factories” (Smith, 2011).

Emergency Manager takes control because of budget deficit:

“However, on December 1. 2011, the Governor of the State of Michigan appointed an Emergency Manager for the City of Flint, due in part to a deficit in the general fund, the decline in pooled cash, budget issues, and unfunded liabilities for post-employment benefits. The appointed Emergency Financial Managers and Emergency Manager  were authorized by virtue of their appointment to “act for and in the place and stead of the governing body and the office of chief administrative officer of the City of Flint” (…)”The General Fund deficit as of June 30, 2013, is now $12.9 million” (City of Flint, 2013).

Assessment of the water from City of Flint in 2014:

“The City of Flint did experience drinking water issues in the summer of 2014. Issues began with areas of the city experiencing “rusty” water. This was largely due to the fact that the city distribution system contains hundreds of miles of cast iron pipe” (…)”The City of Flint received violations from the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ). The violations included a total coliform and E. coli in August and September of 2014, and a corresponding total trihalomethanes (TTHM) violation in December of the same year” (City of Flint, 2014).

Water quality report 2015:

“Prior to April 30, 2014, the city of Flint purchased water of the City of Detroit. On April 30, 2014, the City of Flint switched from utilizing purchased water from Detroit to a new water source, the Flint City River. Subsequently to the change in source water, the City of Flint experienced a number of water quality issues resulting in violations of National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (NPDWR) including acute and non-acute Coliform Maximum Contamination Level (MCL) violations and Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM) MCL violations” (…)”National Primary Drinking Water  Regulation (NPDWR) Violations – City of Flint:

Following the switch to the Flint River, the City of Flint experienced a series of NPDWR violations as follows:

Acute Coliform MCL violation in August 2014

Monthly Coliform MCL violation in August 2014

Monthly Coliform MCL violation in September 2014

Average TTHM MCL violation in December 2014

Average TTHM MCL violation in March 2015

Average TTHM MCL violation in June 2015” (US EPA, 2015).

Statement on quality of water in 2016:

“The American Water Works Association applauds President Obama for signing an emergency declaration that makes available federal aid for the drinking water crisis in Flint, Michigan” (…)”When a community changes water sources or water treatment, unintended consequences can occur. Water systems must be alert to these potential issues and have plans in place to address them” (…)”AWWA is committed to helping water utilities, elected leaders and customers in applying these and other lessons from the crisis in Flint” (AWWA, 2016).

Afterthought:

So with seeing this little evidence and also seeing how the state goes in with Emergency Managers both over-controlling the mayor and the city hall because of the growing deficit that surely must have taken emergency measures that must have been done to save budget funds.

The result that has caused havoc now has been visible since August 2014. That is more 17 months when they had it in after changing of water sources to the Flint River. It is staggering how long the results have been – if it is the pipeline or the source it is still scary to know that there been steady violations; that have been pushed under the rug or not discussed. I don’t know why the fuzz is happening now or if it is campaign season and that is why the Americans and world hear about water-quality and crisis in Flint.

The unemployment that goes back to foreclosure of car-factories and other automobile industry has destroyed the economy while the rich have moved from the central town to the suburbs in the county while the town has had steady rise of poverty in the city of Flint. That is why I ask for USAID to do their business and bore holes in the city of Flint in the state of Michigan. USAID has an mission to work amongst poverty and create possibilities and with the amassed levels of poverty in Flint, with closure of schools and abandoned houses an such proves the need for AID from USAID. They should come in with their programs to salvage and create better water with their technicians as they have done for decades in African Countries and Latin America, and help their own as they are in need.

The bottles of Dasani given from Big Sean and Cher won’t do much but a tear-drop in the ocean. The emergency funding from the federal funds might help, but that is also done in fashionable loans so the debt burden on the City of Flint. So as a failed banana republic that usually gets programs and aid from USAID, it is time to deliver that to City of Flint. As they have unemployment on the levels of sub-Saharan Africa, they have high crime-levels and public with little faith in the government institutions. Schools are detreating and other institutions are weaker than before. People are living on non-working programs and many suspended as they have been living to long on this state-program. They work with poverty eradication that the City of Flint needs. They can start microfinancing programs to get people to start smaller businesses and grow the level of monies spent in the city. Fund them through water programs similar to WASH strategies of the USAID to secure the level of water quality and food security as a part of that. Something USAID can do in city of Flint. They have already lost some part of their autonomy as the Michigan state put in two Emergency leader both Emergency Manager and Emergency Financial Manager who overpower the people’s chosen leadership of the town and also control the monitoring of the functions of the town, this to get control of the deficit; but also leaving the limbo of the democratic institutions in the city. That means it fits perfectly to what kind of environment that USAID goes into which often is totalitarian or semi-democratic societies with big-men who are stronger control over government institution than ordinary procedure. This is the same with the Emergency leadership of City of Flint. So it not only the economic difficulties, unemployment rate, poverty standard, in the end it also fits the levels of institutional malfunctions to fix the budget deficit as the governor of Michigan has seen.

So if the USAID will follow their mission and do something good, use their skills and WASH programs, then they should put them into use in the City of Flint, Americans helping Americans. Not a vile and foolish picture, the money that US Government have put into USAID over the year, this here good be a good service back and prove that the money is well spent, as the USAID can finance and find way to fix the water and give of their knowledge to create a more prosperous society. City of Flint should try to get a Memorandum of Understanding to give way so that USAID can give the citizens of Flint what they deserve before Michael Moore makes another film displaying the deteriorating city he was raised in. USAID shouldn’t just build water wells in Afar region in Ethiopia, when there a city in America where they can’t get healthy water; their WASH personnel could really give AID and create development in Flint. This is if the City of Flint could accept it and give way to the organization to show way. USAID have the skill and manpower needed, Flint have not the funds or the situation to get out of it. This here is a decline of a city ever since General Motors starting to leave and move automobile factories since the 1980s. Therefore the reforms have to come and why not through USAID. They can bring hope and more then Big Sean’s bottles of Dasani. Peace.

Reference:

American Water Works Association (AWWA) – ‘Statement from AWWA CEO David LaFrance concerning Flint water quality crisis’ (19.01.2016)

City of Flint – ‘Annual Water Quality Paper 2014’ link: https://www.cityofflint.com/wp-content/uploads/CCR-2014.pdf

City of Flint – ‘Comprehensive Annual Financial Report for the Fiscal Year Ended June 30. 2013’

‘Michigan Economic Condition Assessment 2.0’ link: http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/Research/Files/Reports/2012/2/23-michigan-economy/0223_michigan_mid_metros.pdf

Smith, Jay Scott – ‘Flint’s economic fall like none other in the country’ (26.11.2011) link: http://thegrio.com/2011/09/26/flints-economic-fall-like-none-other-in-the-country/

USAID – ‘MISSION, VISION AND VALUES‘ (07.06.2016) link: https://www.usaid.gov/who-we-are/mission-vision-values

United States Environmental Protection Agency – ‘Transmittal of Final Report – High Lead at three residences in Flint, Michigan’ (04.11.2015)